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.Dd $Mdocdate: May 31 2007 $
.Dt DAEMON 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm daemon
.Nd run in the background
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include <stdlib.h>
.Ft int
.Fn daemon "int nochdir" "int noclose"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn daemon
function is for programs wishing to detach themselves from the
controlling terminal and run in the background as system daemons.
.Pp
Unless the argument
.Fa nochdir
is non-zero,
.Fn daemon
changes the current working directory to the root
.Pq Pa / .
.Pp
Unless the argument
.Fa noclose
is non-zero,
.Fn daemon
will redirect standard input, standard output and standard error to
.Pa /dev/null .
.Sh RETURN VALUES
Upon success,
.Fn daemon
returns 0; otherwise \-1 is returned.
.Sh ERRORS
The function
.Fn daemon
may fail and set
.Va errno
for any of the errors specified for the library functions
.Xr fork 2
and
.Xr setsid 2 .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr fork 2 ,
.Xr setsid 2
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Fn daemon
function first appeared in
.Bx 4.4 .
.Sh CAVEATS
Unless the
.Ar noclose
argument is non-zero,
.Fn daemon
will close the first three file descriptors and redirect them to
.Pa /dev/null .
Normally, these correspond to standard input, standard output and
standard error.
However, if any of those file descriptors refer to something else they
will still be closed, resulting in incorrect behavior of the calling program.
This can happen if any of standard input, standard output or standard error
have been closed before the program was run.
Programs using
.Fn daemon
should therefore make sure to either call
.Fn daemon
before opening any files or sockets or, alternately, verifying that
any file descriptors obtained have a value greater than 2.