#print This is trickier. Read the file "text". Look for a line saying "insert file ... here". Delete that line, and in its place (after the preceding line) read in the file asked for. Then rewrite "text" and type "ready". #create Ref The severity of the judicial and penal system was partly caused by the defects of the police. Only a small proportion of criminals were caught, and even when arrests were made, but little evidence was collected. The officers, so far from being scientific were not even properly professional. For although the constable of each village and the watchman of each town were paid to guard peace land property, they were yet neither specially fitted nor trained for that employment. In a country village the case was even worse. For there the magistrates could only afford to hire the part-service of a farmer-constable. It is a striking fact that until recently democracy never flourished except in very small states -- for the most part in cities. It is true that in both the Persian and the Roman empires a measure of self-government was accorded to local communities, but only in respect to purely local affairs; in no large state as a whole was democratic government found to be practicable. One essential reason is that until recently the means of communication were too slow and uncertain to create the necessary solidarity of interest and similarity of information over large areas. #create inside land property, they were yet neither specially fitted nor trained for that employment. In a country village the case was even worse. For there the magistrates could only afford to hire the part-service of a farmer-constable. It is a striking fact that until recently democracy never flourished except in very small states -- for the most part in cities. It is true that in both the Persian and the Roman empires a measure of self-government was accorded to local communities, but only in #create text The severity of the judicial and penal system was partly caused by the defects of the police. Only a small proportion of criminals were caught, and even when arrests were made, but little evidence was collected. The officers, so far from being scientific were not even properly professional. For although the constable of each village and the watchman of each town were paid to guard peace *** insert file "inside" here *** respect to purely local affairs; in no large state as a whole was democratic government found to be practicable. One essential reason is that until recently the means of communication were too slow and uncertain to create the necessary solidarity of interest and similarity of information over large areas. #user #cmp text Ref #log #next 61.1a 10